Where user-facing protocols like HTTP (web), SMTP (email), and FTP (files) reside. The Interaction: Client-Server Programming
The bridge between these two is the . In programming, a socket is an endpoint for communication, defined by an IP address and a port number. A programmer writes code to "open" a socket, allowing the client to dial into the server much like a telephone call. The Significance of the "Three-Way Handshake" Internetworking with TCP IP. Client Server Prog...
An active entity that initiates communication. It sends a request to the server’s IP address and waits for a response. Where user-facing protocols like HTTP (web), SMTP (email),
Handles the physical transmission of data via cables, fiber optics, or wireless signals. A programmer writes code to "open" a socket,
The "routing" layer. It uses IP addresses to ensure data packets find their way from the source host to the destination across multiple networks.
While TCP/IP provides the "pipes," the defines how software uses those pipes to interact. This is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks between providers and requesters: