Typically 50% kaolin, 25% quartz, and 25% feldspar.
Higher feldspar content (70–85%) mixed with quartz and a small amount of kaolin for aesthetic translucency.
The foundational ingredient. It provides structural integrity and maintains the white color at high temperatures. Porcelain
Acts as a "flux," melting during firing to create a glassy matrix that bonds the other ingredients together, making the final piece non-porous (vitrified).
Often reinforced with alumina or ball clay for extreme durability in commercial use. Typically 50% kaolin, 25% quartz, and 25% feldspar
Generally contains 25% kaolin, 45% quartz, and 30% feldspar, firing at lower temperatures.
Acts as a framework for the fired material, increasing mechanical strength and resistance to thermal shock. It provides structural integrity and maintains the white
Specifically added to Bone China recipes (up to 50%) to allow for thinner, lighter, and more translucent pieces. Common Formulations