Quantum Field Theory In - Curved Spacetime: Quant...

: In the early, rapidly expanding universe, time-varying gravitational fields can "excite" the vacuum, creating elementary particles that seed the large-scale structure of the universe. Robert Wald - Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime

: Because global constructs like Fourier transforms are unavailable, QFTCS must be formulated locally using quantum field operators rather than particle counts. 2. Mathematical Framework: Bogoliubov Transformations Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime: Quant...

Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime (QFTCS) is a "hybrid" framework where matter fields are treated according to quantum principles, but the gravitational background is described classically by a fixed spacetime metric gμνg sub mu nu end-sub : In the early, rapidly expanding universe, time-varying

This framework predicts several landmark effects that bridge the gap between thermodynamics, gravity, and quantum mechanics: : In the early

: Strong gravitational fields near a black hole's event horizon polarize the vacuum, causing the black hole to emit thermal radiation and gradually lose mass.