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About the Author. JOHN RALPH WILLIS Professor in the Department of Near Eastern Studies Princeton University. Amazon.com

The text distinguishes the "servile estate" in Africa from other forms of slavery by highlighting its unique integration into the economic and social fabric. Slaves were often seen as a form of currency or "entourage" for notables, sustaining key industries like spice plantations along the East African coast. Unlike some other historical models, these essays emphasize that Islamic beliefs sometimes dictated that enslaved people be viewed as human beings with specific rights, rather than purely as moveable property. Where to Find It

Slaves and Slavery in Africa: Volume Two: The Servile Estate Slaves and Slavery in Africa: The Servile Estat...

: Assessing the long-term impact of Islamic slavery on contemporary African and Near Eastern societies. Key Perspectives

Slaves and Slavery in Africa (Slaves & Slavery in Muslim Africa) About the Author

: Examining the origins, composition, and ideology of enslavement in Muslim societies.

: Investigating the social relationships between the enslaved and their masters, as well as the transition to post-servile conditions. Slaves were often seen as a form of

: Hardcover and paperback editions are available at Barnes & Noble and Amazon.

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