: Two-dimensional, flat areas defined by boundaries like lines or color changes (e.g., squares, circles).

: Defined by three properties: hue (the name, like red), value (lightness/darkness), and intensity/saturation (brightness/purity).

The visual and semantic features that predict object memory - PMC

: A mark that spans a distance between two points, which can vary in thickness, direction, and curvature.

: The way an object feels—or looks like it would feel—such as rough, smooth, or bumpy.

In creative and technical design, visual properties are often categorized into seven primary elements used to communicate messages and create impact: